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The ''Prebiarum de multorum exemplaribus'' is a Hiberno-Latin interrogatory florilegium of the mid-8th century, written as a dialogue in a series of 93 short questions and answers. The word ''prebiarum'' seems to be a corruption of ''breviarium'',〔Joseph F. Kelly, "Scripture and Tradition in the Early Irish Church," ''Scripture, tradition and reason: a study in the criteria of Christian doctrine: essays in honour of Richard P.C. Hanson'' (Continuum International Publishing Group, 1988), p. 163 ( online. ) ''Multorum'' is also given incorrectly as ''multorium''.〕 though the work is not a breviary in the usual sense; the title is not customarily translated into English, but would mean something like "A Breviary of Examples from Many Sources." The Latin dialogue makes use of triads, a tripartite form of expression characteristic of early Irish literature.〔Mary F. Wack and Charles D. Wright, "A New Latin Source for the Old English 'Three Utterances' Exemplum," in ''Anglo-Saxon England'' (Cambridge University Press, 1991), vol. 20, p. 197 (online. )〕 Its subject matter is exegetical or didactic; that is, it seeks to explain or teach, often through an enumeration of its points.〔Charles Darwin Wright, ''The Irish Tradition in Old English Literature'' (Cambridge University Press, 1993), p. 61.〕 The ''Prebiarum'' is mostly of comparative interest, and has been dismissed as an example of texts, often written by monks, that "display a vulgarization of religious subjects, treating them as popular trivia, meant more for fun and humour than for any overly didactic, serious purpose."〔Liam Ethan Felsen, "Medieval Monks: Funnier Than You Thought," in ''Misconceptions about the Middle Ages'' (Routledge, 2008), p. 72 ( online. )〕 This characterization may represent an elitist view not evident to all readers of the ''Prebiarum''. Like other catechetical Hiberno-Latin writings, the ''Prebiarum'' with its modest aims seems intended to help ordinary people with Bible study.〔Robert E. McNally, ''Scriptores Hiberniae Minores Pars I'', Corpus Christianorum 108B (Turnhout, 1973), p. 155.〕 The text's 20th-century editor regarded the ''Prebiarum'' as "a handbook useful to the itinerant preacher, the teacher, or even to the spiritual father charged with the obligation of giving spiritual conferences or instructions. … In no sense is the work sophisticated; it is rather simple, direct, even somewhat archaic in spirit."〔McNally, ''SHM'' pp. 155–156.〕 ==Sources, analogues, and intellectual context== Despite its 8th-century date, the ''Prebiarum'' is disconnected from the intellectual and theological preoccupations of the Carolingian Renaissance and represents a more "primitive state of biblical learning." Its methods cannot be said to derive from the exegetical literature of 7th-century Ireland, nor from the Northumbrian tradition of Bede.〔McNally, ''SHM'' p. 156.〕 As a collection of miscellaneous snippets from various sources (''collectanea''), the ''Prebiarum'' draws on patristic sources such as Jerome, Augustine, and Gregory, as well as medieval writings of obscure origin. The ''Prebiarum'' is similar to the ''Joca monarchorum'' ("Monks' jests") and ''Collectanaea pseudo-Bedae'' (sometimes noted as ''Collectanaea Bedae''). The author or compiler of the ''Prebiarum'' drew on at least three works by Isidore of Seville, the ''Etymologiae'', ''De ecclesiasticis officiis'', and the ''Sententiae'', along with the Irish pseudepigraphical ''Liber de numeris''.〔McNally, ''SHM'' p. 155; Claudia di Sciacca, ''Finding the Right Words: Isidore's'' Synonyma ''in Anglo-Saxon England'' (University of Toronto Press, 2008), p. 43.〕 Other parallels can be found in works of Irish provenance or character, such as Pseudo-Cyprian's ''De XII Abusiuis Saeculi'', the Irish Pseudo-Bede's ''De XIII Diuisionibus Temporum'', the Cambrai Homily, and Pseudo-Isidore's ''Questiones tam de nouo quam de uetere testamentum''.〔McNally, ''SHM'' p. 158.〕 Linguistically, the text is influenced by Merovingian and Vulgar Latin.〔McNally, ''SHM'' p. 157.〕 The ''Prebiarum'' is addressed to an Adalfeus (''Adalfeo spiritali''), who might tenuously be identified as the Adelphus (d. 670) who was the third abbot of Remiremont. The ''Adalfeo'' of the text might also be a mistaken transliteration of Greek Ἀδελφῷ (from ''adelphos'', "brother"), and the phrase mean "for a spiritual brother."〔McNally, ''SHM'' p. 159.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Prebiarum de multorum exemplaribus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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